From province to village we broke the enemy's administrative grip for the people to rise. [30] After the war, a friend showed Hathcock a passage written by Ernest Hemingway: "Certainly there is no hunting like the hunting of man, and those who have hunted armed men long enough and like it, never really care for anything else thereafter." [34] He is buried at Woodlawn Memorial Gardens in Norfolk, Virginia. "[16]:136 At Ap Dong Gi Tay "110 bodies were uncovered; again most had their hands tied and rags stuffed in their mouth. However, he admitted "some rank and file soldiers may have committed individual mistakes. During this depression, his wife Jo nearly left him but decided to stay. [5], The PAVN placed a bounty of US$30,000 on Hathcock's life for killing so many of their men. The Battle of Huế began on 31 January 1968, and lasted a total of 26 days. A farmer working in his field tripped on a wire sticking out of the ground. The Da Mai Creek massacre was discovered after three Vietcong defected and told authorities about the murders. He pulled on it to remove it and a skeletal hand popped out of the ground. "[12], The Vietcong set up provisional authorities shortly after it had captured Huế in the early hours of 31 January 1968. The same document contained a passage that read: The people joined our soldiers in their search for tyrants, reactionaries and spies. Victims included women, men, children, and infants. [17] During a volunteer mission days before the end of his first deployment, he crawled over 1,500 yards of field to shoot a PAVN General.[who? When he was found with his 3-year-old daughter, 5-year-old son and two nephews, the Vietcong immediately gunned them all down, leaving their bodies on the street for the rest of the family to see.[14]. It also stated that they had "killed 1,000 local administrative personnel, spies and cruel tyrants."[29]:73. Staff Sergeant Hathcock was riding on an Assault Amphibious Vehicle which ran over and detonated an enemy anti-tank mine, disabling the vehicle which was immediately engulfed in flames. The Revolutionary Armed Forces punished most cruel agents of the enemy and seized control of the streets... rounded up and punished dozens of cruel agents and caused the enemy organs of control and oppression to crumble. Smith, Captain George W., USA. "[14] According to Stanley Karnow, "Balanced accounts have made it clear, however, that the Communist butchery at Huế did take place—perhaps on an even larger scale than reported during the war. "[36] The Marine Corps League (MCL) sponsors an annual program with 12 award categories, which includes the Gunnery Sergeant Carlos N. Hathcock II Award presented "to an enlisted Marine who has made an outstanding contribution to the improvement of marksmanship training. [4] The Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) released a list of 4,062 victims identified as having been either murdered or abducted. [29]:73, In December 1968, the Huế City People's Revolutionary Party Central Committee released a summary of the party's accomplishments during Tet. Douglas Pike noted "It is probable that the Commissar intended that their prisoners should be reeducated and returned, but with the turnover, matters passed from his control." "[37][38] A sniper range named for Hathcock is at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. The enemy could never reorganize or make up for his failure. Senator. The Catholics were considered particular enemies of ours." He hunted at that early age with a .22-caliber J. C. Higgins single-shot rifle. Jun 11, 2013 - Explore Virgil Webb's board "Vietnam War Photos", followed by 585 people on Pinterest. The larger prisoners were separated into pairs, tied together back to back, and shot. Oberdorfer reported that on the fifth day of the Viet Cong occupation in the Catholic district of Huế, Phủ Cam, all able-bodied males over 15, approximately 400 boys and men, who took refuge in Phủ Cam Cathedral were taken away and killed. On September 16, 1969, Hathcock's career as a sniper came to a sudden end along Highway 1, north of LZ Baldy, when the LVT-5 he was riding on struck an anti-tank mine. [19]:57, Captured Vietcong documents boasted that they "eliminated" thousands of enemy and "annihilated members of various reactionary political parties, henchmen, and wicked tyrants" in Huế. It was very difficult for them to handle POWs so they executed the policy of 'catch and kill. An eyewitness, Nguyen Tan Chau, recounted how he was captured by communist troops and marched south with 29 other prisoners bound together, in three groups of ten. [10][25][26] Hathcock and the seven marines he pulled from the vehicle were evacuated by helicopter to hospital ship USS Repose, then to a naval hospital in Tokyo, and ultimately to the burn center at Brooke Army Medical Center in San Antonio, Texas. "[42], In a letter to the editor of the New York Times, the historian Gareth Porter stated that there was little evidence that the communists carried out more than "several hundred" political executions and revenge killings in Huế, with only U.S. official assertions identifying all of over 2,800 bodies found as "victims of Communist executions." Some were shot in the head. He said the killings were planned and executed by a separate group in charge of security.[34]. [14], In Bùi Tín's 2002 memoir, From Enemy to Friend: a North Vietnamese perspective on the war, the former PAVN Colonel acknowledged that executions of civilians had occurred in Huế. The Gunnery Sergeant Carlos Hathcock Award is presented annually by the National Defense Industrial Association "to recognize an individual who ... has made significant contributions in operational employment and tactics of small arms weapons systems which have impacted the readiness and capabilities of the U.S. military or law enforcement. [20][failed verification] This effort took four days and three nights, without sleep, of constant inch-by-inch crawling. After returning to active duty, Hathcock helped establish the Marine Corps Scout Sniper School at the Marine base in Quantico, Virginia. Fall of Saigon Pham Khac/AFP/Getty Images Residents look … ", On the same day, the Liberation Front radio announced, "We tell our compatriots that we are determined to topple the regime of the traitorous Thiệu-Kỳ clique and to punish and annihilate those who have been massacring and oppressing our compatriots... we ask our compatriots to... help us arrest all the U.S.-puppet cruel henchmen. [14][24], Captured in the home of Vietnamese friends, Stephen Miller of the U.S. Information Service was bound and shot in a field behind a Catholic seminary. Being medically discharged, he received 100 percent disability pay. Nearly 30 years later, he received a Silver Star for this action. soldiers. There are documented cases of individuals who were executed by the Vietcong when they tried to hide or otherwise resisted during the early stages of Huế's occupation. "[16]:141, Vennema listed 27 graves with a total of 2,397 bodies, most of which had been executed. [27], ...a squad with a death order entered the home of a prominent community leader and shot him, his wife, his married son and daughter-in-law, his young unmarried daughter, a male and female servant and their baby. [10][11] In 2017, Ben Kiernan described the massacre as "possibly the largest atrocity of the war. [4] In the Vietnam War, kills had to be confirmed by an acting third party, who had to be an officer, beside the sniper's spotter. "[16]:131 A 44-year-old bricklayer, Mr. Nguyen Ty, was "seized on February 2, 1968.... His body was found on March 1st; his hands were tied, and he had a bullet wound through his neck which had come out through the mouth. The "units from the north" had been "told that Huế was the stronghold of feudalism, a bed of reactionaries, the breeding ground of Cần Lao Party loyalists who remained true to the memory of former South Vietnamese president Ngô Đình Diệm and of Nguyễn Văn Thiệu's Democracy Party. "[32] That was because "large numbers of people had been executed" including "captured American soldiers and several other international people who were not combatants." For instance, Mrs. Xuan followed our soldiers to show the houses of the tyrants she knew, although she had only six days before given birth to a child.[29]:72. From there, he witnessed what happened next. Novelist James Jones, in a New York Times article wrote, "Whatever else they accomplished, the Huế massacres effectively turned the bulk of the South Vietnamese against the Northern Communists. Hathcock dreamed of being a Marine throughout his childhood, and so on May 20, 1959, at the age of 17, he enlisted in the U.S. Marine Corps. Although suffering from severe burns to his face, trunk, and arms and legs, Staff Sergeant Hathcock assisted the injured Marines in exiting the burning vehicle and moving to a place of relative safety. The others were taken across the river and turned over to a local communist unit in an exchange that even included written receipts. "USMC & Tet '68: There's a Little Trouble in Huế ...," Vietnam Combat, Winter 1985. This page was last edited on 5 April 2021, at 20:21. Christmas, G. R. "A Company Commander Reflects on Operation Huế City," Marine Corps Gazette, April 1971. Those who did not report voluntarily were hunted down. In March 1968, in the official Hanoi press, the North reported: Actively combining their efforts with those of the People's Liberation Armed Forces and population, other self-defense and armed units of the city of Huế arrested and called to surrender the surviving functionaries of the puppet administration and officers and men of the puppet army who were skulking. [39] In 2002, this record was broken by Canadian snipers (Rob Furlong and Arron Perry) from the third battalion of Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry during the War in Afghanistan. [11][12][13][14] Hathcock and John Roland Burke, his spotter, were stalking the enemy sniper in the jungle near Hill 55, the firebase from which Hathcock was operating, southwest of Da Nang. He discovered the body of an old man, his hands tied together with the wire. 1980 Richard Nixon finished his third book The Real War , which greatly influenced President Reagan’s foreign policy. [19] As the General exited his encampment, Hathcock fired a single shot that struck the General in the chest, killing him. Search for tyrants and reactionaries who are receiving treatment in hospitals. Hathcock remains a legend in the U.S. Marine Corps. [14] Oberdorfer interviewed Ho Ty, a Vietcong commander who took part in the advanced planning of a general uprising. Investigate cadre, soldiers and receptive civilians imprisoned by the enemy. He grew up in Wynne, Arkansas, living with his grandmother after his parents separated for the first 12 years of his life. The war in Vietnam ended April 30, 1975 as the government in Saigon announced its unconditional surrender to the Vietcong. In 1975, Hathcock's health began to deteriorate, and he was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. [27] He would have received only 50 percent of his final pay grade had he retired after 20 years. Hathcock's record and the extraordinary details of the missions he undertook made him a legend in the U.S. Marine Corps. A few months after the battle, about 1,200 civilian bodies were found in 18 hastily-concealed mass graves. Hathcock himself estimated that he had killed between 300 and 400 enemy personnel during his time in the Vietnam War. "It was the hunt, not the killing. In an interview he stated, "Yeah, there was a total of 710 persons killed in the Huế area, from my research, not as many as five thousand, six thousand, or whatever the Americans claimed at that time, and not as few as four hundred as people like some of the people in the peace movement here claim...."[40], The Italian journalist Oriana Fallaci reported, "In the last few days the Vietcong lost their heads and did nothing but make reprisals, kill, punish". High civilian and military officials were also removed from the city to await the study of their individual cases. See more ideas about vietnam war photos, vietnam war, vietnam. He alleged that the site of one set of mass graves was also the site of a major battle in which some 250 communist troops were reported killed in U.S air strikes and that Saigon's minister of health, after visiting burial sites, said the bodies could have been communist soldiers killed in battle. Richard Nixon released his memoirs RN: The Memoirs of Richard Nixon, which sold more than 300,000 copies, becoming the best selling presidential memoir ever. [10][11], The historian David Hunt posited that Douglas Pike's study for the U.S. Mission was "by any definition, a work of propaganda." He was never seen again, and his remains were never recovered. The family cat was strangled; the family dog was clubbed to death; the goldfish scooped out of the fishbowl and tossed on the floor. [16]:191, A 6 March document written by a Vietcong sapper unit commander recounted that his unit "participated in the killing of tyrants and the digging of trenches"[15]:112 A 13 March 1968 entry in captured documents reviewed the successes of the attack on Huế. In November 1969, another major mass grave were fount at Phu Thu Salt Flats, near the fishing village of LÆ°Æ¡ng Viện, Vinh HÆ°ng commune, Phú Lộc provincial district, 10 miles east of Huế and halfway between the cities of Huế and. administration". Many victims were also clubbed to death. [14][25], Alje Vennema, a Dutch-Canadian doctor who lived in Huế and witnessed the battle and the massacre, wrote The Viet Cong Massacre at Huế[16] in 1976. Carlos Norman Hathcock II (May 20, 1942 – February 22, 1999) was a United States Marine Corps (USMC) sniper with a service record of 93 confirmed kills. Rewards put on U.S. snipers by the PAVN typically ranged from $8 to $2,000. On some occasions, however, he used a different weapon: the M2 Browning machine gun, on which he mounted an 8X Unertl scope, using a bracket made by SW's of the SeaBees. '"[15]:114 A 25 February captured communist document detailed some of the successes of the Special Action Company of the PAVN 6th Regiment. The fighting during this phase differed from Tet Mau Than and "Mini-Tet" in that no U.S. installations were attacked. "[31], Hathcock's son, Carlos Hathcock III, later enlisted in the U.S. Marine Corps;[32] he retired from the Marine Corps as a Gunnery Sergeant after following in his father's footsteps as a shooter and became a member of the Board of Governors of the Marine Corps Distinguished Shooters Association.[33]. Manhard recounted that during the PAVN's withdrawal from Huế, they summarily executed anyone in their custody who resisted being taken out of the city or who was too old, young, or frail to make the journey to the camp. While visiting relatives in Mississippi, he took to shooting and hunting at an early age, partly out of necessity to help feed his poor family. Young disputes the "official figures" of executions at Huế. By his courage, aggressive leadership, and total devotion to duty in the face of extreme personal danger, Staff Sergeant Hathcock reflected great credit upon himself and the Marine Corps and upheld the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service.[26]. The last phase began when it became evident that the communists could not hold the city, and it was designed to "leave no witnesses." '", Another section, dealing with Target Area 1 ("the Phu Ninh ward") read: "Annihilate all spies, reactionaries, and foreign teachers (such as Americans and Germans) in the area. [29]:72–78 One regiment alone reported that it killed 1,000 people. In June 1968, the American 1st Cavalry troops captured PAVN documents that included a directive written two days before the battle began. "[45], Anticipation of a bloodbath was a major factor in the widespread panic and chaos across South Vietnam when North Vietnam executed their 1975 Spring Offensive, and the panic culminated in the disintegration and defeat of South Vietnamese military forces, and the fall of the Republic of Vietnam on 30 April 1975. Harkanson, John, and Charles McMahon. "Every Day Is a Gift" by Sen. Tammy Duckworth, the Illinois Democrat's new memoir, tells of what inspired her in her journey from Iraq War veteran to U.S. They were charged with removing the existing government administration from power in the city and replacing it with a "revolutionary administration". This success led to the adoption of the .50 BMG cartridge as a viable sniper round. Hathcock eventually picked up the hobby of shark fishing, which helped him to overcome his depression. [14], The communists' actions were based on a series of orders issued by the High Command and the PRG. [16]:196–197, An entry in a captured communist document dated 22 February stated, "Troop proselyting by the VC/PAVN forces was not successful because the troops had to devote themselves to combat missions. In a 3500-page document issued on 26 January 1968, by the Trị-Thiên-Huế Political Directorate, the political cadres were given specific instructions:[15]:28 "Operating in close support of the regular military and guerrilla elements, the political cadre were to: destroy and disorganize the Republic of Viet Nam's (RVN's) administrative machinery 'from province and district levels to the city wards, streets, and wharves;' motivate the people of Huế to take up arms, pursue the enemy, seize power, and establish a revolutionary government; motivate (recruit) local citizens for military and 'security' forces... transportation and supply activities, and to serve wounded soldiers...;" "pursue to the end (and) punish spies, reactionaries, and 'tyrants' and 'maintain order and security in the city. [22] Courtney Niles, an American civilian working for NBC International, was killed during an attack by communist forces while in the presence of U.S. Bullington, James R. "And Here, See Huế," Foreign Service Journal, November 1968. "[15]:30 The orders for Target Area 3 ("the wharves along the An Cuu River and from Truong Sung to the Kho Ren Bridge") followed the same pattern: "Search for and pursue spies, tyrants and reactionaries hiding near the wharf.... Motivate the people in the areas along the River to annihilate the enemy. However, citing a French priest to whom she spoke in Huế, she also claimed that the death toll of up to 8,000 included deaths by American bombardment, and at least 200 people, and perhaps as many as 1,100, who were killed following the liberation of Huế by the US and ARVN forces. In a report published in 1970, The Viet Cong Strategy of Terror, the U.S. Information Agency analyst Douglas Pike wrote that at least half of the bodies unearthed in Huế revealed clear evidence of "atrocity killings: to include hands wired behind backs, rags stuffed in mouths, bodies contorted but without wounds (indicating burial alive). These included Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) soldiers, civil servants, political party members, local religious leaders, schoolteachers, American civilians, and other international people. During the months and years that followed, dozens of mass graves were discovered in and around Huế. He recounts numerous stories of murders. Empress miniatures 03-02-2021Na vele verzoeken via de App, FB en zelfs andere kanalen hebben we contact opgenomen met Empress Miniatures, en we hebben goed nieuws: WE GOT A DEAL!We zijn nu druk bezig Empress online te zetten, we gaan eerst een aantal ranges stocken, omdat alles nu echt te veel is:WW2 – 28mmWW1 – 28mmVietnamUltra ModernsWe gaan vrijdag 12 … He copied Hemingway's words on a piece of paper. [2] Jo gave birth to a son, whom they named Carlos Norman Hathcock III. Die-hard cruel agents were punished. "The Fight to Liberate the City of Huế During Mau Than Tet (1969)," Hoc Tap, December 1974. Hathcock's career as a sniper has been used as a basis for a variety of fictional snipers, from the "shooting through the scope incident" to the number of kills he made. Destroy the power and influence of reactionary leaders...."[15]:31 For Area 1, Cell 3 was assigned the job of "Annihilation of tyrants and the elimination of traitors".[15]:32. "[16]:191 On 27 April 1969, Radio Hanoi criticized authorities in Huế and South Vietnam: In order to cover up their cruel acts, the puppet administration in Huế recently played the farce of setting up a so-called committee for the search for burial sites of the hooligan lackeys who had owed blood debts to the Tri-Thien-Huế compatriots and who were annihilated by the Southern Armed Forces and people in early Mau Than spring.[16]:191–192. translation: "Tết Offensive massacre in Huế") was the summary executions and mass murder perpetrated by the Viet Cong (VC) and People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) during their capture, military occupation and later withdrawal from the city of Huế during the Tet Offensive, considered one of the longest and bloodiest battles of the Vietnam War. Don Oberdorfer spent five days in late 1969 with Paul Vogle, an American professor of English at Huế University, to go through Huế to interview witnesses of the occupation. Guy, who was 48, was stripped of his cassock and forced to kneel down on the ground, where he was shot in the back of the head. It's my job. [14][39], Ngo Vinh Long claims that 710 people were killed by the communists. The slings are embossed with Hathcock's signature. [2] Hathcock married Jo (nee Broughton) Winstead on the date of the Marine Corps birthday, November 10, 1962. The massacre at Huế came under increasing press scrutiny later, when press reports alleged that South Vietnamese "revenge squads" had also been at work in the aftermath of the battle, searching out and executing citizens that had supported the communist occupation. [26] An ARVN soldier on patrol south of Huế noticed a wire sticking out of the ground. 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